In this lesson, you will be introduced to five farming approaches: conventional farming, organic farming, natural farming, hydroponics, and vertical farming. Conventional farming commonly uses modern agricultural inputs and machinery. Organic farming follows defined standards for organic production, while natural farming emphasises ecological processes and natural inputs. Hydroponics grows plants using a nutrient-rich water solution rather than soil, and vertical farming grows crops in stacked layers to make efficient use of space. You will learn the basic principles behind each approach and understand how they differ in their use of land, water, nutrients, and technology.